Record all nameplate information for the induction motor. Nov 03, 2019 an induction motor also known as an asynchronous motor is a commonly used ac electric motor. Induction motor general principle electromagnetism. The 3phase set of currents, each of equal magnitude and with a phase. Working principle of an induction motor the motor which works on the principle of electromagnetic induction is known as the induction motor. Free download induction motor seminar ppt, pdf report. The rotor is wound 3phase for as many poles as the stator and is shortcircuited. Different speed control methods of induction motor are explained below. Induction induction induction induction induction motor motor motor motor motor learning objectives learning objectives learning objectives learning objectives learning objectives the highspeed magnetic levitation trains employ the principle of. The electromagnetic induction is the phenomenon in which the electromotive force induces across the electrical conductor when it is placed in a rotating magnetic field. These are also called as asynchronous motors, because an induction motor always runs at a speed lower than synchronous speed. Split phase induction motor operation and characteristics. The motor is mounted in a test rig that allows one to control the torque applied to the motor shaft and to measure both rpm and torque.
The rotor of an induction motor can be a squirrel cage rotor or wound. The rotor will constantly be turning to align its magnetic field with that of the stator field. Induction motor seminar ppt, pdf report study mafia. Shaded pole induction motors working and construction.
As induction motors are widely being used, their speed control may be required in many applications. I will tell you about the construction of wound rotor induction motor in the first section. Induction motor theory jerry bednarczyk, pe course content introduction the ac induction motor is well suited to applications requiring constant speed operation. What is common to all the members of this family is that the basic physical process involved in their operation is the conversion of electromagnetic energy to mechanical energy, and vice versa. If the speeds become equal, there would be no such relative speed, so no emf induced in the rotor, and no current would be flowing, and therefore no torque would be generated. By far the most commonly used ac motor is the induction motor. A 3 phase induction motor has two main parts i stator and ii rotor. The speed of rotating magnetic field is synchronous speed, n s r. An887, ac induction motor fundamentals microchip technology. The starting winding is displaced 90 electrical from the main winding and operates only during the brief period when the motor starts up. Oct 10, 2016 a wound rotor induction motor is also known as slip ring induction motor. The auxiliary winding, which is composed of a copper ring, is called a shading coil. This final thesis will mostly be dedicated to induction motors but also to synchronous permanent magnet and reluctance motors. The topic lies under the basic electrical and electronics engineering course that.
When three phase supply is given to the stator winding, a rotating magnetic field of constant magnetic field is produced. There basically 2 types of induction motor depending upon the type. An electrical motor is a device that has brought about one of the biggest advancements in the fields of engineering and technology ever since the invention. Ac induction motors are also the most common motors used in main powered home appliances. Linear induction motors, which work on the same general principles as rotary induction motors frequently threephase, are designed to produce. Synchronous speed means the speed of the rotating magnetic field in the stator. Principle of operation of induction motor eeeguide. Pdf construction of three phase linear induction motor.
Working principal of three phase induction motor electrical. The current in this coil delay the phase of magnetic flux in that part of the pole in order to provide a rotating magnetic field. Slip ring induction motor is made up from wound rotor and squirrel cage induction motor is made up from the squirrel cage rotor. An induction motor or asynchronous motor is an ac electric motor in which the electric current in the rotor needed to produce torque is obtained by electromagnetic induction from the magnetic field of the stator winding. The stator is fed from a 3phase supply of voltage vphase and frequency f hz. Higher maintenance of brushes and slip rings compared to squirrel cage motor.
In an induction motor, the electric current in the rotor needed to produce torque is obtained via electromagnetic induction from the rotating magnetic field of the stator winding. The three phase induction motors are simple in construction, rugged, low cost and easy to maintain. There are two types of induction motors, one with wound type rotor, also called slipring motor and another one with squirrelcage rotor. The simplest principle of the motor is to use electromagnets with currents to create force to move something in other words, to convert electrical energy to rotational mechanical energy. Thus from the working principle of three phase induction motor, it may be observed that the rotor speed should not reach the synchronous speed produced by the stator. Advantages of 3 phase induction motor generally easy to build and cheaper than corresponding dc or synchronous motors induction motor is robust. Induction motor works on the principle of electromagnetic induction. This article explains the construction, working principle of singlephase induction motors. An induction motor is based on the principle of induction of voltages and currents. Nov 27, 2019 thus from the working principle of three phase induction motor, it may be observed that the rotor speed should not reach the synchronous speed produced by the stator. But the rotor construction differs with respect to the type of motor. Learn the principle of power factor improvement and evaluating the cost of electricity.
Determination of the losses in induction machines due to harmonics pdf. These are also called as asynchronous motors because an induction motor always runs at a speed lower than synchronous speed. An induction motor or asynchronous motor is an ac electric motor in which the electric current. Induction motors are the most commonly used motors in many applications. Jan 10, 2016 principle of operation of induction motor. In a dc motor, supply is needed to be given for the stator winding as well as the rotor winding. Working principle of 3 phase induction motor is explained and from this, why induction motor is self starting, why rotor rotates in same direction as the rotating field are also answered. The voltage and current is induced in the rotor circuit from the stator circuit for the operation.
The threephase induction motor is the extensively used for various kinds of industrial drives. The simulation model of the induction motor drive is developed using the principle of indirect foc. For reason of economy, most houses, offices and also rural areas are supplied with single phase a. The motor which works on the principle of electromagnetic induction is known as the induction motor. High performance drive a system employed for motion control using electric motor as a prime. Feb 15, 2017 induction motors are the most commonly used motors in many applications. The operating principle of an asynchronous motor involves creating an induced current in a conductor when the latter cuts off the lines of force in a magnetic field, hence the name induction motor.
In general, the induction motor is cheaper and easier to maintain compared to other alternatives. Induction motor general principle free download as powerpoint presentation. The topic lies under the basic electrical and electronics engineering course that covers various other. A shaded pole motor is an ac single phase induction motor. The basic idea of an electric motor is to generate two magnetic fields. An induction motor can be defined as the ac electric motor device in which a power source fed by the alternating current with the help of a primary winding.
The stator separate from rotor by small air gap have ranges from 0. The electric energy generated purchased by consumers for different needs. Speed is the resistance variable over 50% to 100% full speed. An induction motor can therefore be made without electrical connections to the rotor. Watch this video to understand the working principals of the three phase induction motors. Jan 15, 2014 watch this video to understand the working principals of the three phase induction motors. The major difference between them is that transformer is static in nature i. Generally, it is known as the asynchronous motor because its running speed is less than its synchronous speed.
The construction of stator of the induction motor is almost the same as other motors. Working principle of 3 phase induction motor youtube. Ac motor theory entails the use of electromagnets with currents to create force, and therefore motion. Wound rotor induction motors ac motors electronics textbook. The induction motor is made up of the stator, or stationary windings, and the rotor. Introduction types of electrical machines types of 3ph induction motor basic principle working principle compnents of induction motor application comparision between 1ph i. In the second section, i would be throwing light on the operation and working principle of wound rotor induction motor. The direction of rotation is from the unshaded side to the shaded ring. The rotor is separated from the stator by a small airgap which ranges from 0. The absence of a centrifugal switch eliminates the possibility of motor failure due to faulty centrifugal switch mechanisms. The magnetic field created in the stator rotates at a.
The basic principle of an ac induction motor is that one or more out of phase ac sinusoidal currents energize sets of electromagnet coils called stator coils or windings arranged around the. Wound rotor induction motor the engineering projects. An induction motor also known as an asynchronous motor is a commonly used ac electric motor. These types of motors are known as selfstarting induction motors. Theory of heating by induction induction heating was first noted when it was found that heat was produced in transformer and motor windings, as mentioned in the chapter heat treating of metal in this book. To get a good understanding of the working principle of a three phase. The shaded pole induction motor has no commutator, brushes, collector rings, contactors, capacitors or moving switch parts, so it is relatively cheaper, simpler and extremely rugged in construction and reliable. Operating principle of three phase asynchronous motors. You should also make a dc measurement of stator winding linetoline resistance using a dmm. In this chapter, the mathematical model of induction motor based on space vector theory and the principle of indirect foc are presented.
Pdf this article tells detail about three phase squirrel cage induction motor construction, working principle, and calculations, after reading this. Working principle of an induction motor circuit globe. The principle of operation of induction motor figure 9. Accordingly, the theory of induction heating was studied so that motors and transformers could be. Motor speed relationship the synchronous speed of an ac motor is the speed of the rotating magnetic field set up by the stator winding synchronous speed rpm 120 x frequency divided by the number of poles. Pdf three phase squirrel cage induction motor, construction. Low starting current compared to squirrel cage induction motor. Basic construction and operating principle like most motors, an ac induction motor has a fixed outer portion, called the stator and a rotor that spins inside with a carefully engineered air gap between. In an induction motor, the electric current in the rotor needed to. The electromagnetic induction is the phenomenon in which.
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